cardio function
In this section you need to know the following;
Cardiac cycle
Cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate and the relationship between them
Heart rate range in response to exercise
Hormonal and nervous effects on heart rate
Role of blood carbon dioxide in changing heart rate
Cardiac hypertrophy leading to bradycardia/ athlete’s heart
Starling’s law of the heart
Cardio-vascular drift.
Cardiac cycle
Cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate and the relationship between them
Heart rate range in response to exercise
Hormonal and nervous effects on heart rate
Role of blood carbon dioxide in changing heart rate
Cardiac hypertrophy leading to bradycardia/ athlete’s heart
Starling’s law of the heart
Cardio-vascular drift.
background information on the heart
If you are unsure of some of the heart basics use these clips to help get you up to speed.
Heart Clip 1
Heart Clip 2
Heart Clip 3
Cardiac Cycle Song!
Cardiac Cycle Rap!
Heart Clip 1
Heart Clip 2
Heart Clip 3
Cardiac Cycle Song!
Cardiac Cycle Rap!
cardiac cycle & values (q=sv x hr)
This section will not necessary examine you on the cardiac cycle but requires you to have an understanding of it so you can apply your knowledge.
Common questions often ask you to define cardiac output and stroke volume and explain the relationship between them.
More recent questions have asked you to calculate cardiac output- if asked to do this remember to include the values i.e. mml
Common questions often ask you to define cardiac output and stroke volume and explain the relationship between them.
More recent questions have asked you to calculate cardiac output- if asked to do this remember to include the values i.e. mml
Structure of the Heart PP | |
File Size: | 456 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
Structure of the Heart PP | |
File Size: | 1816 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
Cardiac Cycle PP | |
File Size: | 2457 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
KEY WORDS
Systolic, Diastolic, Myogenic, Atrium, Ventricle, Bicuspid Valve, Tricuspid Value, Aorta, Pulmonary Vein, Pulmonary Artery, Vena Cava, Cardiac Output, Heart Rate, Stroke Volume.
Systolic, Diastolic, Myogenic, Atrium, Ventricle, Bicuspid Valve, Tricuspid Value, Aorta, Pulmonary Vein, Pulmonary Artery, Vena Cava, Cardiac Output, Heart Rate, Stroke Volume.
hormonal effects on heart rate/ conduction of the heart rate
Questions here require you to understand the release of adrenaline before you exercise will cause a small increase in heart rate. This is often shown by a graph.
Questions about conduction of the heart rate often carry high marks (up to 4 ) it is essential that you learn the key words n the correct order.
Questions about conduction of the heart rate often carry high marks (up to 4 ) it is essential that you learn the key words n the correct order.
Click here to view a clip on conduction of the heart
Click here to view a clip on heart rate response to exercise
Click here to view a clip on heart rate response to exercise
Conduction of the Heart PP | |
File Size: | 425 kb |
File Type: | pptx |
KEY WORDS
Adrenaline, Anticipatory Rise, Sino Atrio Node, Atrio Ventricular Node, Bundle of HIS, Septum, Apex, Purkinje Fibres, Ventricular Systole, Myogenic, Pacemaker, Atrial Systole.
Adrenaline, Anticipatory Rise, Sino Atrio Node, Atrio Ventricular Node, Bundle of HIS, Septum, Apex, Purkinje Fibres, Ventricular Systole, Myogenic, Pacemaker, Atrial Systole.
role of carbon dioxide on heart rate/control of heart rate
Questions here often as about how the heart can meet the demands of a game or how rising levels of CO2 affect the heart rate. The start of the answer is very similar to that of respiratory control, but remember that from the medulla it will got to the cardiac control centre.
When examining the control of heart rate, questions may ask how the heart can speed up or slow down. Remember that in addition to explaining the roles of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems you may be asked about neural control ( proprioceptors, chemoreceptors, baroreceptors).
When examining the control of heart rate, questions may ask how the heart can speed up or slow down. Remember that in addition to explaining the roles of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems you may be asked about neural control ( proprioceptors, chemoreceptors, baroreceptors).
Regulation of Heart Rate PP | |
File Size: | 531 kb |
File Type: | pptx |
KEY WORDS
Carbon Dioxide, Chemoreceptors, Medulla, Cardiac Control Centre, Sympathetic Nervous System, Sino Atrial Node, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Vegus Nerve, Acetyl Choline, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, Neural control, hormonal control, Proprioceptors, Baroreceptors.
Carbon Dioxide, Chemoreceptors, Medulla, Cardiac Control Centre, Sympathetic Nervous System, Sino Atrial Node, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Vegus Nerve, Acetyl Choline, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, Neural control, hormonal control, Proprioceptors, Baroreceptors.
effects of exercise on the heart/ trained vs untrained heart
Questions here often ask you to define the key terms Bradycardia, Athletes Heart and Cardiac Hypertrophy. You are also required to understand how these adaptations of the heart may affect performance.
How can two performers of different fitness levels have the same cardiac output is a common question examining your understanding of stroke volume and heart rates.
How can two performers of different fitness levels have the same cardiac output is a common question examining your understanding of stroke volume and heart rates.
Effects of Exercise on the Heart PP | |
File Size: | 502 kb |
File Type: | pptx |
KEY WORDS
Bradycardia, Hypertrophy, Athletes Heart, Starlings Law, Diastolic Filling, Ejection Fraction.
Bradycardia, Hypertrophy, Athletes Heart, Starlings Law, Diastolic Filling, Ejection Fraction.
starlings law
Whilst you must remember a definition of Starlings Law, questions will not ask you to simply regurgitate it. You must be able to APPLY your knowledge of this to a number of questions.
If venous return if reduced remember this will have an effect on stroke volume according to Starlings Law.
If venous return if reduced remember this will have an effect on stroke volume according to Starlings Law.
cardiovascular drift
Questions here may ask you to interpret a graph similar to the one below, or just simply ask you to explain why heart rate continues to increase whilst stroke volume decreases. For example; Explain why a performer's stroke volume decreases during a run of constant pace and workload (4 marks)
cardiovascular_drift.pptx | |
File Size: | 431 kb |
File Type: | pptx |
KEY WORDS
CV Drift, Stroke Volume, Ejection Fraction, Blood Volume, Venous Return, Blood Viscosity, Cardiac Output, Starling Law.
CV Drift, Stroke Volume, Ejection Fraction, Blood Volume, Venous Return, Blood Viscosity, Cardiac Output, Starling Law.
exam questions
cardio_function.docx | |
File Size: | 22 kb |
File Type: | docx |